There is the dogma.
But from a spiritualist's point of view, the idea of sin and "the fall of man" can be viewed as humans being imperfect and carrying with them a moral burden. This can be cleansed by doing good deeds and refraining from committing more sins. A failure to do so will lead to suffering and misery (aka hell).
It wasn't a new concept at the advent of Christianity, Siddhārtha Gautama thought of a similar one some 2,500 years ago.
And the interesting thing is that this is something that psychologists examine in their own way.
Why do we feel miserable? How do we become depressed?
A lot of these things have to do with the consequences of our actions, and what others may or may not have done to us. The problem of religion isn't that it believes in good and evil, or sin and virtue, it's that it often muddies the waters.
I try separate most dogma from what's at the core of religion, much of which is quite universal amongst human beings, both religious and non-religious.
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Knowing that death is certain and that the time of death is uncertain, what's the most important thing?
—Bhikkhuni Pema Chödrön
Humankind cannot bear very much reality.
—From "Burnt Norton," Four Quartets (1936), T. S. Eliot
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