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Old 03-17-2007, 03:24 AM   #1 (permalink)
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Port Forwarding Help

Is there a way through web sites or software to assign your computer with a static IP address even if your ISP says you need to upgrade your service to do this.

My ISP currently does the dynamic IP thing where my IP address changes every once in a while.

My reason for asking this is because my bit torrent program (uTorrent) does not stay connected and do the whole seeding thing. The FAQ's on the uTorrent website say that you need to port forward, which my understanding is that you need a static IP to do this.

Currently my network setup is as follows: The cable modem is connected to a computer that is running Windows 98. This computer also is connected to the Router which is a Lynksis 4 port router.

Any thoughts?

Any help would be much appreciated.
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Old 03-17-2007, 06:38 AM   #2 (permalink)
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Note: an extremely long post, but hopefully you can find your answer in the first few lines. If not, the rest is background info that might help

I do not really understand your setup.
Is it like this?

wall socket - cablemodem - router - PC

In that case you need to enable port forwarding in your router (the Linksys one). In the manual that came with the router (you can google for one if you don't have it anymore) you should be able to find how to access the router configuration. Usually it's a simple webpage where you can configure all sorts of stuff including port forwarding. Just be sure to forward the same ports on the router as uTorrent uses for its incoming connections.

(you can check and/or configure the port within uTorrent via Options->Preferences->Connections)

You will need to tell the router to send all traffic on port X (whatever is configured in uTorrent) to the local address of your PC. The local address is usually 192.168.y.z. (y and z can be anywhere from 0 to 254), but this can be determined by the following command on your PC:
Start -> run
cmd press enter
ipconfig press enter
(look for the entry "IP address")

Hope this helps!

p.s. port forwarding is not related to having dynamic or static IP addresses, but rather because you have a router, read on below for the explanation.

a little background info:

All programs communicating across the internet use ip adresses to determine the physical internet connection to connect to. Ports are used so different programs can communicate with the same machine simultaneously. So the full address from one application to another (say webbrowser, to webserver or one MSN client to another MSN client) is actually ip address + port: 123.123.123.123:12345
This says: I want to connect to application 12345 at machine 123.123.123.123.

Websurfing uses port 80 (usually) so when you request a website, www.tfproject.org, your browser translates that to www.tfproject.org:80
(try it, you can specify the port number in your browser using the : (colon) like I just did. 80 will ususally give the same result as not specifying the port number, but 81 will not work)

Bittorrent works the same way. Every client tells the tracker what Port(s) the bittorrent software is using. That's why the clients can connect to each other; they get the ip address and port number from the tracker.

What a router does is hide multiple machines (up to 4 with your router) behind a single IP adress. When a local machine (a pc behind the router) communicates from behind the router to the Internet (for example: web surfing) the router remembers which of the 4 pc's the request came from. It then can then send the answer from the website back to that machine. However, when a connection comes from the internet without a request by a local PC, the router doesn't know which PC to send it to. That's were port forwarding comes in.

By telling the router that all traffic that comes in at port 10000 is meant for PC1, the router will pass that right through to PC1. That's how one single IP address can be used by multiple machines simultaneously: the router uses the ports to determine which machine the data is meant for.

Because of the way that the Internet works, a combination between ip address and port number is unique for a single application. Only one application can use port 4000 for example. That's why uTorrent allows you to specify the port. This allows you to specify port 5000 for PC1, 5001 for PC2, and so on and so on.

What uTorrent does is open port X on the PC for incoming connections (and tells the tracker that port X is available). However uTorrent has no knowledge or control over the router. That's why you need to tell the router yourself.

Static or dynamic IP address
For this situation dynamic or static IP adressing makes no difference.
Your uTorrent application tells the tracker: I'm available at the same IP address I'm calling from, and I'm using port 5678

This means that the tracker, seeing an incoming connection from ip address 123.123.123.123 records that client as available at port 5678.

Now, uTorrent repeats this announcement every 30 minutes or so. So if your IP adress changes, the tracker will know very quickly and tell it to the other clients.

Usually your IP address changes only if your Internet connection gets disconnected. But it can happen during a live connection, and then you'll have problems with incoming connections for a little while. This will fix itself and should not be a real problem.

How to change from dynamic to static IP address?
Only your ISP will determine which IP address your connection will get. Some ISPs use static addressing where you get a permanent fixed IP address, but most often they'll use something called DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).

With DHCP, your cable modem requests an IP address every so often. The DHCP server of your ISP then assigns an IP address.

If you upgrade your subscription, the meganism will remain the same but the DHCP server will be configured to give you the same address every time.

You cannot circumvent this and somehow force a fixed IP address without cooperation from your ISP. Besides this not really being necessary, it is impossible to do through "a website or software".

Then, what do dyndns.org et al do? They claim something like this
This is another part of the internet: domain names.

Because ip addresses (the only way to differentiate one Internet connection from another) are rather difficult to remember and cumbersome to use, the DNS service was introduced. This allows an easy translation from a domain name (much easier to remember) to an IP address (the address that actually works).

But normal DNS (Domain Name Service) works rather statically. You register a domainname and your IP address, so others can connect to your machine. Dynamic IP addresses become a problem with this. Everytime your IP address changes, you need to change your domain registration.

Some services (dyndns.org and others, just google) allow you to update your actual IP address very often and automatically. So if your IP address changes, it will update the registration, and your domain will still point to your machine.

Then why, won't this help in this situation: because bittorrent (like many Internet applications) does not use domainnames. They use IP addresses directly. So while this helps to have your website (using a domainname) behind a dynamic IP address, your bittorrent is not affected.
(but, as stated above, bittorrent works around this already).
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Old 03-17-2007, 06:52 AM   #3 (permalink)
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I dunno what Silvy wrote. I got lost in it, I just woke up so I'm a bit foggy.

I have 3 computers at home. How would bittorrent info know which computer to go to? Port forwarding, all the information that bittorrent is using are on particular ports, so forwarding those ports to that one internal IP address.

Now I do find it interesting that your IP changes your IP address every so often, you have SoCal TimeWarner according to your IP address on this post. I've had TimeWarner for 5 years now, never paid for a static address, but have only had my IP changed maybe 10 times all due to reboots of the cable modem, even then more often then not, I got the same IP address. I've run an FTP server and connect remotely to my home network from all over the world all without having a static IP address, but just port forwarding.
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Old 03-17-2007, 09:02 AM   #4 (permalink)
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the ip that your ISP assigns you is irrelevant to PAT (port address translation) PAT only functions inside of your router. assign your bit torrent system a static IP outside of the routers DCHP range but still within your internal subnet, forward the port you use for bit torrent to that port, and that should do it.
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Old 03-17-2007, 01:27 PM   #5 (permalink)
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Ok, thanks everyone. That web page settings sounds very familiar to me, so that should not be a problem.

My set up is indeed wall socket - cable modem - router - PC.

The reason for me thinking that an IP address is needed is because this site that was giving me a tutorial said it was necessary.

http://portforward.com/english/route...G/Utorrent.htm

Let me get on the Settings page and try to set it up there.

Thanks.
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Old 03-17-2007, 09:14 PM   #6 (permalink)
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You just need to set your computer statically then forward the torrent port in your router's management page. For example, most use 192.168.1.x, starting with 100 for dhcp. Just set your computer's IP in your network settings to 192.168.1.99 or anything less than 100 but greater than 1. Then go to your router's web management page and forward your port to 192.168.1.99.
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Old 03-18-2007, 08:54 AM   #7 (permalink)
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Cynthetiq

You need to have each BitTorrent client use a different port on the router itself, say 8000, 8001, 8002 and then have each client use that port as well in the application interface.

It's not BitTorrent itself that has to figure out where to go, it's the network traffic itself.
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Old 03-18-2007, 10:35 AM   #8 (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by trache
Cynthetiq

You need to have each BitTorrent client use a different port on the router itself, say 8000, 8001, 8002 and then have each client use that port as well in the application interface.

It's not BitTorrent itself that has to figure out where to go, it's the network traffic itself.
That is right, I have can and have enabled my router to do so sometimes, but more often than not I have not had to do anything because the NAT handles it as far as the client is concerned.

Personally I don't use torrents, not for any other reason than the fact it saps my bandwidth too much to do anything else on the network.
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Old 03-18-2007, 12:56 PM   #9 (permalink)
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Cynthetiq, if you have a spare computer, you can make a simple packet shaper with m0n0wall, I've got BT sapping up 95% of my bandwidth and i can't feel it.
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Old 03-18-2007, 01:01 PM   #10 (permalink)
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I have several, just after a long day at work... last thing I want to do is fix more computers and systems.
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Old 03-18-2007, 01:13 PM   #11 (permalink)
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actually mine has been rock solid, i have 32 days of uptime right now, and thats just because of a hardware failure. i had the hard drive die in it (it was an old 3.2 drive) and the system kept working, i was able to save the settings (xml file) and then pop a new drive in and get it back up and running in under 10 minutes. Before that i was over 100 days of uptime.

the initial setup took about a half hour to set up. it has a built in packet shaper setup wizard to get you up and running even quicker.

the advanced setup (my VPN and all that jazz) was surprisingly easy as well.
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Old 03-18-2007, 01:21 PM   #12 (permalink)
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Sory, I can't help but assault this rapidly decomposing horse...

Switching to better router firmware (Tomato et al) makes torrent QoS management a no-brainer and requires no extra hardware. Assuming you have a wrt-compatible router.

Otherwise I second m0n0wall. Awesome and easy to run diskless on a rinky-dink old motherboard. It's as stable as the hardware. (It can be torpedoed by bad hardware but the software is better than any stock SOHO router firmware I've used.)
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Old 03-18-2007, 01:22 PM   #13 (permalink)
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How the heck does that even work? What are your BT speeds?
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Old 03-18-2007, 01:27 PM   #14 (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by MikeSty
How the heck does that even work? What are your BT speeds?
Who, what, where do you mean?

BT speeds are affected but mostly by your interactive traffic. You could measure the difference, but the point is it's leaving your interactive traffic open so browsing or whatever seems like bt isn't running.

Edit: That assumes your ISP isn't capping your traffic allowance, in which case the only fix is stopping your torrents.
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Old 03-18-2007, 01:59 PM   #15 (permalink)
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Simple packet shaping:

There are pipes, there are queues and rules.

Pipes are generally the physical connections; in my case i have 2, one upload pipe and one download pipe. However, I could have 2 pipes going over my upload pipe if I had a used for that.

Then we have queues, queues are rated by priority, I have a bulk download and a bulk upload, a hated upload and hated download, 3 high priorities uploads and 3 high priorities downloads. Each queue is weighted as to its priority, obviously hated queues are low priority, and high priority queues are highly prioritized.

Then we sort each packet by rules and place them in the queues. Things going over my BT traffic are dumped in the hated, SSH, HTTPS, SMTP, POP3, are all placed in high priority queues...

As packets reach the shaper, they are sorted and placed in the queues based off of the weight determines what is sent when. The high priority things get to go first, and the low priority stuff gets through when space is available.
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Old 03-18-2007, 02:09 PM   #16 (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by cyrnel
Sory, I can't help but assault this rapidly decomposing horse...

Switching to better router firmware (Tomato et al) makes torrent QoS management a no-brainer and requires no extra hardware. Assuming you have a wrt-compatible router.

Otherwise I second m0n0wall. Awesome and easy to run diskless on a rinky-dink old motherboard. It's as stable as the hardware. (It can be torpedoed by bad hardware but the software is better than any stock SOHO router firmware I've used.)
yes, that I know, but I've been waiting for 1000 routers to become more stable. The current offerings have people stating they own worthless bricks. Until I can replace my router, this cheap and lazy bastard isn't going to bother. Like electrons, I like the path of least resistance.
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Old 03-18-2007, 02:22 PM   #17 (permalink)
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Besides adding gobs of features, the open firmware I've used (mostly openwrt, dd-wrt, Tomato) make crap routers much more stable. When a customer starts calling about power-cycling their crap I always take a pre-flashed router as a quick swap. Saves gobs of wasted time dealing with factory linksys/netgear/dlink. Those things are not the kind of job security I enjoy.
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Old 03-18-2007, 10:15 PM   #18 (permalink)
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why not just let the software limit up/down speeds? it's very easy to do in azureus.
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Old 03-18-2007, 10:33 PM   #19 (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by mikec
why not just let the software limit up/down speeds? it's very easy to do in azureus.
because if you limit it, it is not as effective as if you shape it, when i used to limit it, i could only upload at 25% of my upload and not feel it, and 50% and not be bugged to much. now with my packet shaper, i can upload it 95% with only the tiniest bit of lag (20 ms)
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Old 03-19-2007, 01:11 PM   #20 (permalink)
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Unfortunately, I'm stuck on a BEFW11S4 and I'm not going to bother upgrading anytime soon ... perhaps I will though.

Also, building another machine to handle packet shaping alone would be a nightmare. I could do it, sure, but that'd be too much power consumption and too much crap. We'll see.
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Old 03-19-2007, 04:20 PM   #21 (permalink)
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my power bill raised by about $5. its an easy build, 64 megs of ram, PII 333 16 meg flash card and 2 nic cards.

it doesn't just have to do shaping, mine does all the routing, firewall and VPN connections.
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Old 03-19-2007, 08:00 PM   #22 (permalink)
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Yeah, I should have been more specific - building a machine to handle that seems like a waste. Although, the specs you give are a lot lower than I expected, I could easily take the crummiest computer in here and build that. I have an abundance of nics.

I'm no network joe - how easy is the m0n0ware software, really? can I just run it off of a CD, or will I need to dust off an old <1GB drive?

The one problem I see is that my family runs wireless devices, and my BEFW11S4 doesn't function as a bridge, I don't think. Unless, of course, I can teach it to act as a wireless 'switch' and let the m0n0ware do the routing.

Pipe dreams
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Old 03-19-2007, 08:55 PM   #23 (permalink)
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It can be run off a CD and a floppy to save settings to, however, I recommend a writable medium so you can configure it easily and not have to worry about losing settings. You can get a CF card for cheep, currently the image is 5.32 MB so anything larger then 8 MB will do, and an IDE to CF converter for about $10.

Mine system never tops 10% CPU usage; you can run this on a Pentium I.

you can add a wireless card to it, but the list of supported cards is slim, however, you can disable DHCP on the BEFW11S4 and use the LAN side and the AP, skipping the WAN and it will work great, that’s is what I do. The m0n0wall handles the routing, while the BEFW11S4 acts as an AP

M0n0wall has a large following and great guides to get you going.

http://m0n0.ch/wall/quickstart.php

Once the basic setup is done with a keyboard, you can use the web interface, which makes everything nice and easy.

My setup:
the modem connects to the WAN port on my m0n0wall box, then the LAN port plugs into my gigabit switch, which directly connects to my system, my file server, and to an 8 port 10/100 switch, this switch leads to all other systems in my house and to my wireless router, which has DHCP disabled, the wireless enabled, with WPA2.
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