Tilted Forum Project Discussion Community  

Go Back   Tilted Forum Project Discussion Community > The Academy > Tilted Life


 
 
LinkBack Thread Tools
Old 11-03-2005, 03:02 PM   #1 (permalink)
Fireball
 
Randerolf's Avatar
 
Location: ~
Wash Your Hands or Die!

In the face of the bird flu news, I thought I'd reinforce the importance of hand washing. Then I found this article.

Quote:
Clean hands the way to stop flu

If everyone were to wash their hands the risk of colds, flu and even bird flu would be much less, say UK experts. Professor John Oxford, of London's Queen Mary's School of Medicine, warns many people are failing to do so and are complacent about personal hygiene.

His team looked at the most effective methods to prevent the transmission of colds and flu, including bird flu.

Rather than relying on products such as antiviral tissues, personal cleanliness should be a priority, they say.

Hand cleaning came out top, followed by disinfecting surfaces.


Personal cleanliness and hygiene levels have dropped steadily over the last decades. Attention must be paid to hand washing
Professor John Oxford

The least effective way to prevent transmission of the common cold is through the use of virucidal nasal tissues, Professor Oxford and colleague Dr Rob Lambkin, also from Queen Mary's, concluded.

Studies have shown that viruses can survive on human hands for several hours and that they can be spread by direct contact.

As well as through coughs and sneezes, a person may pick up the virus on their fingers by touching an infected object or person.

Breaking the chain

If they then rub their nose or eyes with their virus-contaminated fingers they can become ill themselves and spread the infection to others, leading to a vicious cycle.

The UK experts say the best way to break the chain is for people to wash their hands.


This is a very sensible precaution that should be taken, especially as we approach winter and colds and viruses are likely to be emerging
Dr Mark Britton, chairman of the British Lung Foundation

Professor Oxford said: "Unfortunately, personal cleanliness and hygiene levels have dropped steadily over the last decades with many microbes, as never before, using the opportunity to spread.

"First and foremost to reduce virus transmission attention must be paid to hand washing and then when this is satisfactory, focus on cleansing surfaces and equipment shared by others such as desks, tables, telephones and door knobs."

He said it was important that people did not come to rely on antiviral tissues to reduce the spread of viruses and then reduce hand washing as this could lead to an increase in infection of what could be very serious respiratory viruses.

"Quite rightly for influenza, great reliance continues to be placed on vaccines and antiviral drugs, but still virus destruction on surfaces and hand washing continues to be an important adjunct."

Dr Mark Britton, chairman of the British Lung Foundation, said: "It is absolutely reasonable what they are saying. People need to be reminded about the importance of basic hand hygiene.


COMMON HOME SURFACES THAT CAN HARBOUR VIRUSES (in descending order of risk)
Phone receiver
Light switches
Door knobs
Toilet flush handle
Source: Journal of Infection, August 2005, pages 103-9

"This is a very sensible precaution that should be taken, especially as we approach winter and colds and viruses are likely to be emerging."

Dr Graham Archard, of the Royal College of General Practitioners, said improved hygiene would help prevent flu, but added that it was also important for those at high risk - such over 65 years old - to be vaccinated against the influenza virus.

Professor Ron Eccles of the Common Cold Centre in Cardiff said: "The only way to avoid catching a cold is to become a hermit.

"If you are in contact with other people you are likely to get a cold as the viruses are so common."

He said the best way a person could reduce the risk of catching a cold was to:

* wash hands regularly, especially after being in crowded places
* use a tissue thick enough so that it won't break apart when blowing their nose and dispose of it after use
* keep their hands away from their nose and mouth
BBC Health



Be sure to lather up well. The scrubbing is one of the more important parts. Scrub and sing the Birthday Song twice. Or Freebird by Lynard Skynard.

I’ve also heard that the air jets aren’t sanitary as they just blow air from the bathroom* ( piss, shit, etc etc) all over your hands. Disposable single service paper towels are the way to go.

EDIT: *Barthroom is not a word.

Last edited by Randerolf; 11-03-2005 at 03:27 PM..
Randerolf is offline  
Old 11-03-2005, 03:24 PM   #2 (permalink)
Insane
 
Step 7. Open Door
Step 8. Recontaminate hands due to others who didn't wash their hands.

your post is an excellent one that highlights one of the easiest ways to improve health. btw, i always open the door with a paper towel to keep my hands clean.
inkriminator is offline  
Old 11-03-2005, 04:10 PM   #3 (permalink)
Lover - Protector - Teacher
 
Jinn's Avatar
 
Location: Seattle, WA
I don't wash unless I have to, and no scare tactic about avian flu is going to change that. Tell it to my nearly impeccable immune system.
__________________
"I'm typing on a computer of science, which is being sent by science wires to a little science server where you can access it. I'm not typing on a computer of philosophy or religion or whatever other thing you think can be used to understand the universe because they're a poor substitute in the role of understanding the universe which exists independent from ourselves." - Willravel
Jinn is offline  
Old 11-04-2005, 01:26 PM   #4 (permalink)
Psycho
 
serlindsipity's Avatar
 
Location: Boulder Baby!
Quote:
Originally Posted by JinnKai
I don't wash unless I have to, and no scare tactic about avian flu is going to change that. Tell it to my nearly impeccable immune system.

All fine and great, but not washing your hands just seems foolish. Did no one else's parents swat you if you didnt wash your hands? its basic and should be a necessity.
__________________
My third eye is my camera's lens.
serlindsipity is offline  
Old 11-05-2005, 02:17 AM   #5 (permalink)
Twitterpated
 
Suave's Avatar
 
Location: My own little world (also Canada)
Haha Jinn's going to have to defend himself at every turn, eh? Maybe we'll be able to harass him enough to change his mind eventually, after a few more threads of constant badgering.
__________________
"Few people are capable of expressing with equanimity opinions which differ from the prejudices of their social environment. Most people are even incapable of forming such opinions." - Albert Einstein

"Wise men talk because they have something to say; fools, because they have to say something." - Plato
Suave is offline  
Old 11-05-2005, 05:21 AM   #6 (permalink)
Junkie
 
highthief's Avatar
 
Location: Ontario, Canada
Quote:
Originally Posted by JinnKai
I don't wash unless I have to...
Just curious - what constitutes "having to"?
__________________
Si vis pacem parabellum.
highthief is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 10:57 AM   #7 (permalink)
Paq
Junkie
 
Paq's Avatar
 
Location: South Carolina
Quote:
Originally Posted by highthief
Just curious - what constitutes "having to"?

3 words:
massive...rage...dump

if he doesn't wash after that, something is wrong
__________________
Live.

Chris
Paq is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 01:48 PM   #8 (permalink)
big damn hero
 
guthmund's Avatar
 
What I find most amusing is the fact that there is a visual aid to help people figure out how to wash their hands. A regular sign that says, "Hey, wash your hands!" just isn't enough. Like there's a whole mess of people just not washing their hands properly; I would imagine that human beings, what with our big fancy brains could figure out that cunningly confusing soap/hand/towel triangle.

I wash my hands everytime at work. Even if I feel I don't 'need' to because even though I didn't piss on my hands, I still touched my dick. Consider the Golden Rule. I imagine that the people I interact with throughout the course of my day don't want my dick germs, imaginary or not, rubbed off of them or their things, so, I wash my hands. I do unto them as I would have them do unto me.

At home, different story because it's not like my germs aren't over everything in my house already.
__________________
No signature. None. Seriously.
guthmund is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 02:07 PM   #9 (permalink)
Currently sour but formerly Dlishs
 
dlish's Avatar
 
Super Moderator
Location: Australia/UAE
im one of those people that have to wash at least 20-30 times a day. after i touch door knobs and similar things in public. i dont touch handlrails unless i have to, i dont touch anything in public toilets, i use toilet paper or handtowels to open doors etc.

i dont think im compulsive..im just..normal?? is anyone else out there like me? or am i just paranoid?
__________________
An injustice anywhere, is an injustice everywhere

I always sign my facebook comments with ()()===========(}. Does that make me gay?
- Filthy
dlish is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 03:56 PM   #10 (permalink)
Junkie
 
highthief's Avatar
 
Location: Ontario, Canada
Quote:
Originally Posted by dlishsguy
im one of those people that have to wash at least 20-30 times a day. after i touch door knobs and similar things in public. i dont touch handlrails unless i have to, i dont touch anything in public toilets, i use toilet paper or handtowels to open doors etc.

i dont think im compulsive..im just..normal?? is anyone else out there like me? or am i just paranoid?
That's compulsive, friend.

__________________
Si vis pacem parabellum.
highthief is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 03:59 PM   #11 (permalink)
Junkie
 
Location: Melbourne, Australia
Yes but... Just to play the devils advocate here...

Bird flu - it's an air-borne thing right? Droplet transmission. Not anal/fecal transmission or whatever the technical term for that one is.

Seems to me that this procedure as described will theoretically prevent me from passing Hepatitis A from myself to others (although I don't have it). It'll do little to protect me from bird flu.

Having said that.. yeah. Please wash your hands after sneezing you dirty people. I'm disease free. Don't know about you.

Nimetic is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 05:24 PM   #12 (permalink)
lonely rolling star
 
sadistikdreams's Avatar
 
Location: Seattle.
AH MEN!

I know I have OCD, and even though it's under control, I still wash my hands regularly. And I fucking cringe when people dont. It's just horrible, they're purposefully not doing something that can help out their health.
__________________
"Besides the noble art of getting things done, there is the noble art of leaving things undone.
The wisdom of life consists in the elimination of non-essentials.
"
-Lin Yutang

hearts, by d.a.
sadistikdreams is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 06:30 PM   #13 (permalink)
All important elusive independent swing voter...
 
jorgelito's Avatar
 
Location: People's Republic of KKKalifornia
Actually - I think handwashing was a general health precaution and not necessarily directed to bird flu.

My main problem with this is it depends on EVERYONE to wash their hands to be truly effective and as we can see, not everyone does.

I also hate it when people are sick but come to school or work anyways. Then they cough and sneeze and touch EVERYTHING.

If you don't want to wash your heands for your own health, how about washing your hands for the rest of us?
jorgelito is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 06:39 PM   #14 (permalink)
Condensing fact from the vapor of nuance.
 
Anxst's Avatar
 
Location: Madison, WI
I know I've gotten weird looks a few times for seeming to take forever to wash my hands. What can I say, I used to work as a nurse. I always cringe when I see people leave the restroom without washing their hands. But then, I also wash my hands before and after I eat in any pblic setting. I'm not compulsive, I can touch door handles and light switches and not even think about it. It just seems like common sense to me.
__________________
Don't mind me. I'm just releasing the insanity pressure from my headvalves.
Anxst is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 06:42 PM   #15 (permalink)
Kick Ass Kunoichi
 
snowy's Avatar
 
Location: Oregon
I don't usually wash my hands after using the potty for no. 1 but I always wash them after no. 2, the reason being is that I wash my hands a lot at other times. I always wash them after coming into contact with anything that squicks me (there are a variety of things that squick me) or when I've touched a lot of different people/plan on coming into contact with lots of people. I always wash them when entering a kitchen, and wash them multiple times during cooking anything.

And dlishsguy, I sanitize my doorknobs and anywhere my hands touch repeatedly in my own home during the winter. I also regularly Lysol my bathroom between cleanings.
__________________
If I am not better, at least I am different. --Jean-Jacques Rousseau
snowy is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 06:46 PM   #16 (permalink)
Rawr!
 
skier's Avatar
 
Location: Edmontania
Step 6- keep a hold of the paper towel
Step 7- Use it to open door
Step 8- Toss it in nearest garbage can or leave it for the janitor.

I hate the thought of getting my hands clean (even though they weren't that dirty anyway) and then having to touch the dirtiest surface of the whole bathroom.
__________________
"Asking a bomb squad if an old bomb is still "real" is not the best thing to do if you want to save it." - denim
skier is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 09:01 PM   #17 (permalink)
Getting Medieval on your ass
 
Coppertop's Avatar
 
Location: 13th century Europe
I mostly just wash my hands when I shit on them, which isn't too often.
Coppertop is offline  
Old 11-06-2005, 09:56 PM   #18 (permalink)
it's jam
 
splck's Avatar
 
Location: Lowerainland BC
I wash my hands when out in public or at work, but when I'm at home, I piss all over my backyard, and there is no sink out there.
__________________
nice line eh?
splck is offline  
Old 11-07-2005, 04:52 AM   #19 (permalink)
Currently sour but formerly Dlishs
 
dlish's Avatar
 
Super Moderator
Location: Australia/UAE
when i open the door to leave a public bathroom i always use a papertowel to open the door and then drop it behind the door for the janitor.

other tricks i use is to wait for someone else to open the door and then leave right after them, that way i dont touch anything in there. i really do hate it when i watch people not wash their hands after going to the toilet..ok maybe women i understand..but men..i cannot!

in all honesty, i cannot fathom people not doing it, and sometimes i think im the only 'normal' person out there.. i guess 'normal' is a relative term.

i also wash my hand before i eat every meal, and after i use the computer (for all those porn freaks :P ) and after i shake peoples hands cos most likely they havent washed their hands after theyve touched their dicks..or someone elses lol

anyways..thats me..any shrinks in tfp-land?
__________________
An injustice anywhere, is an injustice everywhere

I always sign my facebook comments with ()()===========(}. Does that make me gay?
- Filthy
dlish is offline  
Old 11-07-2005, 06:03 AM   #20 (permalink)
Leaning against the -Sun-
 
little_tippler's Avatar
 
Super Moderator
Location: on the other side
Quote:
Originally Posted by Nimetic
Yes but... Just to play the devils advocate here...

Bird flu - it's an air-borne thing right? Droplet transmission. Not anal/fecal transmission or whatever the technical term for that one is.

Seems to me that this procedure as described will theoretically prevent me from passing Hepatitis A from myself to others (although I don't have it). It'll do little to protect me from bird flu.

Having said that.. yeah. Please wash your hands after sneezing you dirty people. I'm disease free. Don't know about you.

Bird flu is not airborne. Bird flu is transmitted through contact with infected birds and any other contaminated surfaces. So far, it is thought to not be transmitted from human to human. The bird flu virus is also killed if for example, you have a contaminated piece of chicken and you cook it at a high temperature for a certain amount of time. If you touch it raw, you could become contaminated. Most of the bird flu cases up till now are people wh have direct contact with infected birds.
__________________
Whether we write or speak or do but look
We are ever unapparent. What we are
Cannot be transfused into word or book.
Our soul from us is infinitely far.
However much we give our thoughts the will
To be our soul and gesture it abroad,
Our hearts are incommunicable still.
In what we show ourselves we are ignored.
The abyss from soul to soul cannot be bridged
By any skill of thought or trick of seeming.
Unto our very selves we are abridged
When we would utter to our thought our being.
We are our dreams of ourselves, souls by gleams,
And each to each other dreams of others' dreams.


Fernando Pessoa, 1918
little_tippler is offline  
Old 11-08-2005, 02:34 PM   #21 (permalink)
Junkie
 
Hektore's Avatar
 
Location: Greater Harrisburg Area
I'm gonna hafta agree with Jinn on this one, I rarely make it a point to wash my hands anywhere but the shower, unless i'm doing something where they get visibly dirty. It's not that I don't know there are germs, it's that I don't think it really is that beneficial to my health. The concept makes sense, clean hands = less germs = better health, but I have a hunch less germs = weaker immune system as well. I'm not trying to say you should go get dirty on purpose but, I come into what contact what germs I will and that's that. I trust my immune system to take care of me. The last time I had the flu/cold/sore throat/anything was 3 winters ago, and the time before that was more than 10 years ago.
__________________
The advantage law is the best law in rugby, because it lets you ignore all the others for the good of the game.
Hektore is offline  
Old 11-08-2005, 07:28 PM   #22 (permalink)
Junkie
 
Location: Melbourne, Australia
Yeah - I know that it's not spread human-human yet...

But when/if it becomes spread between humans.. my assumption was that it will be primarily spread in the same way as other forms of influenza.

I've just found an old text here....

Emergency Medical Treatment (Nancy Caroline) quite definitely says "droplet spread". Key protective measures for medical staff is "wear mask".

and

Wikipedia says that influenza is "... is transmitted from person to person by saliva droplets expelled by coughing"

...


Overall I accept that it's a good idea to wash your hands after certain activities. But in terms of protection from BF, well I'm not convinced that this will save many people.

Sheesh. I just accept that my hands or dirty most of the time... and avoid too much eye/nose/face contact.
Nimetic is offline  
Old 11-10-2005, 05:59 AM   #23 (permalink)
Crazy
 
The issue is that droplet transmission starts out airborne, in the sense that the person expells the saliva with the pathogen into the air, but then those droplets settle on surfaces. Droplets are too heavy to remain airborne and thus once they settle you pick them up by touching the surface they landed on, then rubbing your eye, nose, or other mucous membrane. This is why droplet transmission is still considered a form of person-to-person transmission; it is essentially spitting on someone, but with a surface (or fomite) between the two people.

This is why masks are not the only way to prevent droplet transmission - I can be wearing a mask, but then enter a room that someone sneezed in 4 hours earlier, touch the keyboard they sneezed on, rub my eye, and then get infected.

(Used to teach a course on infection control -- made several students compulsive hand-washers! )
TheProf is offline  
Old 11-10-2005, 10:30 PM   #24 (permalink)
Currently sour but formerly Dlishs
 
dlish's Avatar
 
Super Moderator
Location: Australia/UAE
theprof... i must have been one of your students then!
__________________
An injustice anywhere, is an injustice everywhere

I always sign my facebook comments with ()()===========(}. Does that make me gay?
- Filthy
dlish is offline  
Old 11-13-2005, 04:15 PM   #25 (permalink)
Junkie
 
Location: Melbourne, Australia
Yep, I get that.

I've done the handwashing thing in work and volunteer situations.

I'm just saying, don't use BF as a justification for compulsive hand washing. For the average person, the following would seem more helpful (if they are so inclined)

a) using a mask
b) not touching their face

You can wash your hands sure. But it seems pretty pointless if you then go and touch anything. For myself, I'm using my hands to type, write, drive, etc all day. I simply accept the fact that they are dirty.

How many times do you want me to wash....

It's not like I'm going between medical wards or from patient to patient. I'm in office environments. I'm not touching open wounds or my eye/nose generally.

(For the record also, I try to avoid rubbing my eyes except after washing my hands)
Nimetic is offline  
Old 11-13-2005, 05:35 PM   #26 (permalink)
People in masks cannot be trusted
 
Xazy's Avatar
 
Location: NYC
Quote:
Originally Posted by inkriminator
Step 7. Open Door
Step 8. Recontaminate hands due to others who didn't wash their hands.

your post is an excellent one that highlights one of the easiest ways to improve health. btw, i always open the door with a paper towel to keep my hands clean.
That is why I always save my hand towel to open the door, or will open it and keep my foot in the door if possible, and lean over to the sink.
Xazy is offline  
Old 11-13-2005, 05:37 PM   #27 (permalink)
Tilted Cat Head
 
Cynthetiq's Avatar
 
Administrator
Location: Manhattan, NY
Quote:
Originally Posted by Coppertop
I mostly just wash my hands when I shit on them, which isn't too often.
ummm???? you shit on your hands?????



I wash my hands all the time... when I worked in a factory getting them dirty I'd wash them every 2 hours or so... boss thought I was nuts since they would get dirty again and 2 hours later I'd wash them again.

I don't like to have dirty hands but I'm not so anal about it. I just am careful of what I touch and how I touch it. I have changed oil in my car with just getting my 2 fingertips dirty.
__________________
I don't care if you are black, white, purple, green, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, hippie, cop, bum, admin, user, English, Irish, French, Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, Buddhist, Muslim, indian, cowboy, tall, short, fat, skinny, emo, punk, mod, rocker, straight, gay, lesbian, jock, nerd, geek, Democrat, Republican, Libertarian, Independent, driver, pedestrian, or bicyclist, either you're an asshole or you're not.
Cynthetiq is offline  
Old 11-13-2005, 06:40 PM   #28 (permalink)
Insane
 
5757's Avatar
 
Location: Vegas!!
Quote:
Originally Posted by Coppertop
I mostly just wash my hands when I shit on them, which isn't too often.
hahaha . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . uh, I'm glad you wash.

I have a feeling that the number of people washing their hands everytime it is necessary were greatly nagged/influenced to do so growing up. I have actually been to peoples homes where NO SOAP was present in the bathroom. I wish that more ding dongs could be scared into washing their hands more. I just think it's ding dongish not to do it everytime you use the toilet.

CYNTHETIQ- Thats strangely a turn on that you wash your hands often. Hmm.
__________________
Hey! Wait! I've got a new complaint, Forever in debt to ((your)) priceless advice. - Nirvana
5757 is offline  
Old 11-14-2005, 03:30 AM   #29 (permalink)
Leaning against the -Sun-
 
little_tippler's Avatar
 
Super Moderator
Location: on the other side
I don't think people realise the importance of hand washing. It could make a huge difference, if not to you, to someone else. I'm not saying you should be obssessive about it, but you should wash your hands if you go to the toilet or do anything that is clearly making your hands dirty (not saying that if you touch anything you should wash your hands, that would be silly).

But look at surgeons. In our faraway past (I'm talking centuries), dirty hands while performing surgery probably caused the deaths of many people, among other things. And it's such a simple thing to do.

On a personal note, I have family members who have passed away in hospital from catching pneumonia within the hospital, after being checked in with another, different problem. In the UK, in hospitals, facilities are provided for visitors to wash their hands before visiting their relatives and loved ones and this actively prevents many of these types of cases from occurring. In Portugal, where I live, this is not usually provided except for in the intensive care ward. So the rate of people checking into hospital with a serious ailment and then dying of pneumonia is pretty high - no kidding.

Maybe this will make you think twice about the importance of hand washing.
__________________
Whether we write or speak or do but look
We are ever unapparent. What we are
Cannot be transfused into word or book.
Our soul from us is infinitely far.
However much we give our thoughts the will
To be our soul and gesture it abroad,
Our hearts are incommunicable still.
In what we show ourselves we are ignored.
The abyss from soul to soul cannot be bridged
By any skill of thought or trick of seeming.
Unto our very selves we are abridged
When we would utter to our thought our being.
We are our dreams of ourselves, souls by gleams,
And each to each other dreams of others' dreams.


Fernando Pessoa, 1918
little_tippler is offline  
 

Tags
die, hands, wash

Thread Tools

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are On



All times are GMT -8. The time now is 03:42 AM.

Tilted Forum Project

Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.7
Copyright ©2000 - 2024, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.
Search Engine Optimization by vBSEO 3.6.0 PL2
© 2002-2012 Tilted Forum Project

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360