the Navy did a study on what colours to paint the ships, it was pretty extensive i've been googling for it but i haven't found it so far.
i have a lot of colour theory books since i use them for the work i do in writing rendering engines and also for painting, but they are different styles, one set relies heavily on math, the others on form and function. There are a couple of magazines dedicated to colour theory.
simple one with colour wheel theory etc
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/de...ss08142000.asp
Hermann millers experience of colour
http://www.hermanmiller.com/hm/conte...e_of_Color.pdf
books, non technical
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg...glance&s=books
Also check out Josef Albers work from the bauhaus, which was a very important place for colour work in art and design