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That site explains everything pretty well. The trickiest part of what you want to know is molar mass, which isn't too tough.
On a periodic table, each element has as small number at the bottom of its box. That's the molecular weight. If you have 1 mole of that element, then that mole will weigh the molecular weight in grams.
That means a mole of hydrogen atoms weighs about 1g. If you only have half of mole of hydrogen atoms, they'll only weigh about half a gram. Just remember that most elements aren't found in single atoms, so you have to take into account the number of atoms in each molecule, like cliche's example.
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