It seems that much of this discussion will revolve around the meaning of "rational element" (I note it is not "rational development").
So by the definition you've provided of "rational", then yes, both are features or "elements" of western society that are products of developing thought (they didn't just 'spring' out of nowhere).
Of course, by this reasoning, anything created by the mind of man and used in Western civilization is a "rational element".
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"Of all tyrannies, a tyranny exercised for the good of its victims may be the most oppressive. It may be better to live under robber barons than under omnipotent moral busybodies. The robber baron's cruelty may sometimes sleep, his cupidity may at some point be satiated; but those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end, for they do so with the approval of their own conscience." – C. S. Lewis
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