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Old 06-09-2003, 03:31 AM   #1 (permalink)
Mr. Mojo
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Today in History: June 9, 1934 Donald Duck debuts

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1934 Donald Duck debuts

On this day in 1934, Donald Duck makes his first film appearance, in The Wise Little Hen, a short by Walt Disney. Donald, along with Mickey Mouse (who debuted in 1928), would become one of Disney's most beloved characters. Donald's popularity also led to other characters in the Duck family, including Daisy Duck, Uncle Scrooge, and nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louey.

Donald's creator, Walt Disney, was born on a Missouri farm and showed an early interest in art. He sold his first sketches to neighbors when he was just seven, and he attended the Kansas City Art Institute at night during high school. At age 16, during World War I, Disney went overseas with the Red Cross and drove an ambulance decorated with cartoon characters.

Back in Kansas City, Disney worked as an advertising cartoonist. He founded a company, Laugh-O-Gram, with his older brother, Roy, but the company went bankrupt, and the brothers left Kansas City for Hollywood with $40 and some art supplies in the early 1920s. Once in California, the brothers built a camera stand in their uncle's garage and started their company in the back of a Hollywood real estate office.

Disney began making a series of animated short films called Alice in Cartoonland and developed a stable of animated characters. In 1928, Disney introduced Mickey Mouse in two silent films, followed by Steamboat Willie (1928), the first fully synchronized sound cartoon ever made. Walt Disney provided Mickey's squeaky voice himself. The company then launched the "Silly Symphony" series of sound cartoons. One installment in the series, The Three Little Pigs (1934), became the most popular cartoon up to that time. Meanwhile, the company developed increasingly sophisticated animation technology.

The company released the first feature-length animated film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, in 1937. The film grossed $8 million, an incredible success during the Depression. During World War II, Disney devoted most of his company's resources to the production of training and propaganda films for the military. In 1965, he designed the Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow (EPCOT), which later inspired Disney's EPCOT Center in Orlando, Florida. He also helped establish the California Institute of the Arts in 1961.

During Disney's four-decade career, he won more than 1,000 honors and citations from around the world, including 48 Academy Awards and seven Emmys. Harvard, Yale, the University of Southern California, and UCLA all awarded him honorary degrees. He also won the Presidential Medal of Freedom, France's Legion of Honor and Officer d'Academie decorations, Thailand's Order of the Crown, Brazil's Order of the Southern Cross, Mexico's Order of the Aztec Eagle, and the Showman of the World Award from the National Association of Theatre Owners. In addition to his films, his legend lives on through Disneyland, Walt Disney World, and EPCOT Center. Walt Disney died in 1966.
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