Well, the Constitution doesn't grant you any right not to have to hear things you disagree with, or find distasteful or even offensive. In fact, the sentiment "I may not agree with it but I defend your right to say it" is central to the interpretation of the First Amendment.
Regarding religion, the First Amendment says two things:
- There will be no established religion of the US. So, no "official religion" like the Church of England, and no we're NOT "a Christian nation".
- There will be no prohibition on the free exercise of religion. So if a person's religion calls for them to proselytize, they have the right to do that. Which is why Mormons and Jehova's Witnesses can go door to door like vacuum salesmen, and why people can preach on the sidewalk. No governmental agency (including police) may silence them for what they say.
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