There are two theories on how it works, and no, they are not sure exactly how it does function:
1: the copper ions help create an inhospitable environment for sperm - thickened cervical mucous, etc
2: the existence of the IUD creates an inflammatory response in the uterus, which again means it is not sperm or fertilization friendly, nor implantation friendly.
You can actually use the IUD as emergency contraception (much like Plan B) - note I said "contraception" which means against fertilization and implantation, NOT aborting of a zygote.
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My heart knows me better than I know myself, so I'm gonna let it do all the talkin'.
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