xp pro supports
remote desktop access, use vnc or tightvnc instead
offline file support, synchronizes folders and files from a network share for use when disconnected from said server
multiprocessor/scalable , more than one cpu
encrypted file systems for NTFS, plenty of other ways to do this
file level access control, rights by users groups etc for access to files/folders
foreign language support, interfaces etc
the rest is about connection to servers, automatic software
updates tools for system administrators
xp pro is bigger, larger disk space and is mainly or an office or server based environment
basically the advantages/disadvantages are just simply whether or not you require the extra features.
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