The human body can easily handle 2 g's. You get more than that jogging, or just hopping up and down in place. There are women my height who weight twice what I do and function just fine, and some who are three or four times my size and, while not operating just fine, are still alive and able to walk and move about.
This is what I think would happen, based on an admittedly limited knowledge of fitness training and having read a lot of science fiction.
Assuming your heart was healthy to begin with, you'd become stronger in an absolute sense, but would be weaker in a relative sense. You'd tire after a shorter period of time, impact excercises would have a much greater potential for damaging your joints.
Your heart, assuming it began healthy, would be fine initially and would readily adapt to the point that, after a long enough period of time, you'd have a heart with Lance Armstrong capacity.
Upon returning, you'd have a body that wouldn't necessarily look much different, but would be much more efficient in terms of how much muscular endurance you had, like someone whose been training in aerobic excercises at a high intensity for a very long period of time. You'd be more muscular, but it would be in the form of longer, leaner, possibly more dense muscles, like someone doing low intensity, high repetition excercises. Think dancer or swimmer rather than bodybuilder, unless of course you made a concerted effort to do build muscle mass.
It would be a lot like altitude training which affected the whole body rather than just aerobic capacity.
Gilda
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