I am familiar with logical proof. I actually got an a on my geometrical proof test. If one of your premises is false however, it invalidates the whole conclusion.
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Originally Posted by bingle
Here's the Argument From Evil, which in my opinion is unassailable. This is an argument by contradiction, which basically means if you accept some premises, and thus prove a contradiction, one or more of your premises must be false:
Premise 1: Evil exists in the world.
Premise 2: God is perfectly good (Omnibenevolent).
Premise 3: God is all-powerful (Omnipotent).
Premise 4: A good entity will do all in its power to remove evil.
Conclusion: A contradiction. If God is good, and God is all powerful, evil should not exist in the world, because God has the will and the means to eradicate it.
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Premise 4 is false in this case, assuming that you were referring to the God of Abraham (Christianity, Judaism, Islam). God is usually passive to a certain extent when dealing with matters of evil, allowing it to go on (see: Job).