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In a nutshell:
His first (and most famous law): "I think, so I am."
To come to this conclusion, he started to doubt everything; since your senses can fool you, you cannot be sure of what you see, what you feel, etc. He came to the fact that you could only be dead certain of ONE thing: your own existance. All other certainties should be extrapolated from that one fact.
His second law: God exists.
First proof: A "god" is a perfect being, therefor it possesses all quality. Existance is a quality. Therefor, God exists.
The second proof escapes me at the moment, but it was something rather twisted, if I recall correctly, you could probably find it in the link above.
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