The last chapter of A Brief History of Time discusses this problem, but doesn't really make any significant progress with it.
We have to avoid getting ahead of ourselves. The first step in this problem lies with first of all understanding what we've already got. And that means science (yes that dirty word); lots of very difficult science; should be more than enough to keep us busy for at least another few centuries (in reality probably much much longer).
Only then, when we understand what we are dealing with, can we hope to ask the further questions. In all likelyhood, they will remain unanswerable, even then. At some point you simply have to accept an equation or a law or whatever as a pure brute fact that doesn't depend on anything else; something that just is.
I don't see that humankind, or anything else for that matter are in a position to access any further information about the world.
And that, I am afraid is the most optimistic view I can put forward on this subject.
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