Strange Famous, .357 magnum and .38 special are the same actual calibre, though the case lengths are different. It doesn't make much sense when one is called a .357 and the other a .38, but they really are the same calibre (meaning bullet diameter). The case length is the important difference, in that the .357 magnum is 1/8th of an inch longer than the .38 special, allowing the .357 magnum to carry more powder. More powder means a more powerful shot. This also translates into more percieved recoil.
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