One argues over whether a concept is true or false; not whether the concept itself exists. Obviously the concept exists, otherwise we could not argue over it.
To clarify; a concept of a cat sitting on my desk comes into my mind. The concept is there in my mind thus it exists. If I look onto my desk and there is no cat, then the concept was still there but it has been proven false.
As for the existence of atheism,
Atheism is defined as the belief that the concept of God is false. As long as some one believes that there is no God, atheism will exist. It is irrelevant whether the belief of atheism is actually correct or not.
For example: people believe that the world is flat, thus such people exist and the fact that the world isn’t flat doesn’t change the fact that they exist.
Cheers
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