1. The answer is typically along the lines of "God's justice wouldn't allow it"; that is, someone had to pay the penalty for sin. There are a lot of difficulties surrounding this issue, and no deeply satifactory answer other than trusting God.
2. Good question. I don't really have an answer other than that it's traumatic enough to be tortured to death and that we are taught that "He descended into hell"; that Christ was, for a while, separated from God.
3. After the resurrection, Christ sticks around for a while before ascending to heaven. Christianity teaches that, eventually, Christ will return and "make all things new." Christians disagree alot on exactly what this entails. The whole rapture/ Left Behind thing is just one view among many.
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"Die Deutschen meinen, daß die Kraft sich in Härte und Grausamkeit offenbaren müsse, sie unterwerfen sich dann gerne und mit Bewunderung:[...]. Daß es Kraft giebt in der Milde und Stille, das glauben sie nicht leicht."
"The Germans believe that power must reveal itself in hardness and cruelty and then submit themselves gladly and with admiration[...]. They do not believe readily that there is power in meekness and calm."
-- Friedrich Nietzsche
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