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To become a teacher (in Ohio) you need a 4 year Bachelors in education. In getting the degree you are set up to take all of the state certification tests, or Praxis tests. If I remember correctly, there are three levels. Depending on your specialization (early childhood, middle childhood, secondary) you will take different Praxis exams.
You also have to student teach for a semester under a mentoring teacher and a supervising educator. It may be longer (a year) in some states.
My gf just did all this in the past year and will be teaching 7th grade life science in August. To be a substitute teacher (in Ohio) you need to have a Bachelors degree in anything.
I also understand that some schools will accept people with a Masters degree as long as they can pass the Praxis exams. But again, it all depends on the state.
For teaching college it takes a Masters degree (at least) and lots and lots of ass kissing and or publishing. If you don't give the school a reason to keep you they won't. There are lots of folks that want the cushy life of a professor.
Well, thats my take on it. I'm sure more informed people can add quite a bit to what I've had to say.
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