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		 A=50, B=20, and C=30 
 
I'll go through this story acting like A: 
 
A goes first and concludes that he must be either 10 or 50 
 
A assumes that he is 10. 
 
B sees A=10 and C=30, and passes because he thinks he must be either 20 or 40. 
 
C goes and sees A=10 and B=20.  He concludes that he must be either 10 or 30.  However, if he was 10, then A=10, B=20, and C=10, thus B would have have known that he was 20.  Since B passed, C would know that he was 30. 
 
However, C did NOT know that he was 30, thus A couldn't have been 10. 
 
A goes again, knows he cannot be 10, and thus knows that he is 50. 
 
QED 
		
		
		
		
		
			
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