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We don't presently have the draft, but during the Vietnam war there were a number of legal ways to avoid the draft.
- College and seminary students were exempt (Clinton and Cheney)
- National Guard was exempt (Bush)
- One could file for exemption as a conscientious objecter
- Physical and mental disabilites could exempt a person from service
There may be others, but those are the primary ones. Some of those that didn't have these choices fled to Canada and remained there until Jimmy Carter's general pardon after to war ended.
Today, there are deserters that have fled to Canada. There will be no hope of a pardon for those folks imo.
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