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To be a professional is to be paid. To _act_ professionally is to take personal responsibility for all aspects of your work and to look continuously at how you can improve the level of service you provide.
Some jobs limit the amount of initiative an individual can take. A truck driver, a factory worker, a bus boy, waiters, retail clerks, and others work within very structured jobs that usually limit their power to bring improvement to their jobs. They can do the best job possible, but if they have a plan for reorganizing the job and the boss or the union doesn't buy it, there's nothing they can do. We don't usually consider such jobs to be professions, because the limits of such jobs are controlled by others, not the worker. Although we can still say that a great waiter or retail clerk _acts_ very professional by doing a conscientious job for us.
Jobs that are considered professions are those which are less structured and more responsible: rather than laying out the procedure for you, management (or you yourself, if you are self-employed) expects you to define the problem and work out your own plan for solving it. Professions tend to be results-oriented, while "jobs" tend to be procedures-oriented.
Some work straddles the line: is an MD who works within a heavily-structured HMO that limits his or her time with patients and options for treatment truly acting as a professional, or merely a skilled worker? Similarly, is a teacher who has to hew to a heavily structured lesson plan imposed by the school actually working professionally, or again simply carrying out a structured "job?"
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